Criticism of Mormonism/Books/Mormonism 101/Chapter 10 - Revision history

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	\|H=Response to claims made in Mormonism 101, "Chapter 10: The Atonement"		\|H=Response to claims made in Mormonism 101, "Chapter 10: The Atonement"
	\|S=		\|S=
	\|L1=		\|L1=Response to claim: 139 - Mainstream Christians and Latter-day Christians "both accept the atonement of Christ"
			\|L2=Response to claim: 140 - The authors quote President Ezra Taft Benson to the effect that "it was in Gethsemane that Jesus took on Himself the sins of the world"
			\|L3=Response to claim: 140-148 - One of the major themes of the LDS faith is that the atonement "took place primarily in the Garden"
			\|L4=Response to claim: 141 - The authors quote Bruce R. McConkie: "it was in Gethsemane that 'he suffered the pain of all men...took upon himself the sins of all men..."
			\|L5=Response to claim: 141 - The authors suggest that the apparent overemphasis on the shedding of blood in the Garden rather than on the cross "no doubt is but one of several reasons why crosses cannot be found on LDS buildings"
			\|L6=Response to claim: 142 - Lorenzo Snow: "He undoubtedly had seen persons nailed to the cross, because that method of execution was common at that time, and He understood the torture that such persons experienced for hours. He went by Himself in the garden and prayed to His Father"
			\|L7=Response to claim: 145 - "Hebrews 9:22 states that there is no remission of sins without the shedding (not sweating) of blood"
			\|L8=Response to claim: 147 - The authors quote Elder Marion G. Romney that it was in the Garden of Gethsemane "that he suffered most"
			\|L9=Response to claim: 148 - The authors claim that the LDS version of the atonement frees up everyone from the effects of Adam's transgression
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	{{Epigraph\|This is the gospel which I have given unto you—that I came into the world to do the will of my Father, because my Father sent me. And my Father sent me that I might be lifted up upon the cross. (3 Nephi 27:13–4)}}		{{Epigraph\|This is the gospel which I have given unto you—that I came into the world to do the will of my Father, because my Father sent me. And my Father sent me that I might be lifted up upon the cross. (3 Nephi 27:13–4)}}
	~~==Quick Navigation==~~
	*[[Criticism of Mormonism/Books/Mormonism 101/Chapter 10#Response to claim: 139 - Mainstream Christians and Latter-day Christians "both accept the atonement of Christ"\|Response to claim: 139 - Mainstream Christians and Latter-day Christians "both accept the atonement of Christ"]]
	*[[Criticism of Mormonism/Books/Mormonism 101/Chapter 10#Response to claim: 140 - The authors quote President Ezra Taft Benson to the effect that "it was in Gethsemane that Jesus took on Himself the sins of the world"\|Response to claim: 140 - The authors quote President Ezra Taft Benson to the effect that "it was in Gethsemane that Jesus took on Himself the sins of the world"]]
	*[[Criticism of Mormonism/Books/Mormonism 101/Chapter 10#Response to claim: 140-148 - One of the major themes of the LDS faith is that the atonement "took place primarily in the Garden"\|Response to claim: 140-148 - One of the major themes of the LDS faith is that the atonement "took place primarily in the Garden"]]
	*[[Criticism of Mormonism/Books/Mormonism 101/Chapter 10#Response to claim: 141 - The authors quote Bruce R. McConkie: "it was in Gethsemane that 'he suffered the pain of all men...took upon himself the sins of all men..."\|Response to claim: 141 - The authors quote Bruce R. McConkie: "it was in Gethsemane that 'he suffered the pain of all men...took upon himself the sins of all men..."]]
	*[[Criticism of Mormonism/Books/Mormonism 101/Chapter 10#Response to claim: 141 - The authors suggest that the apparent overemphasis on the shedding of blood in the Garden rather than on the cross "no doubt is but one of several reasons why crosses cannot be found on LDS buildings"\|Response to claim: 141 - The authors suggest that the apparent overemphasis on the shedding of blood in the Garden rather than on the cross "no doubt is but one of several reasons why crosses cannot be found on LDS buildings"]]
	*[[Criticism of Mormonism/Books/Mormonism 101/Chapter 10#Response to claim: 142 - Lorenzo Snow: "He undoubtedly had seen persons nailed to the cross, because that method of execution was common at that time, and He understood the torture that such persons experienced for hours. He went by Himself in the garden and prayed to His Father"\|Response to claim: 142 - Lorenzo Snow: "He undoubtedly had seen persons nailed to the cross, because that method of execution was common at that time, and He understood the torture that such persons experienced for hours. He went by Himself in the garden and prayed to His Father"]]
	*[[Criticism of Mormonism/Books/Mormonism 101/Chapter 10#Response to claim: 145 - "Hebrews 9:22 states that there is no remission of sins without the shedding (not sweating) of blood"\|Response to claim: 145 - "Hebrews 9:22 states that there is no remission of sins without the shedding (not sweating) of blood"]]
	*[[Criticism of Mormonism/Books/Mormonism 101/Chapter 10#Response to claim: 147 - The authors quote Elder Marion G. Romney that it was in the Garden of Gethsemane "that he suffered most"\|Response to claim: 147 - The authors quote Elder Marion G. Romney that it was in the Garden of Gethsemane "that he suffered most"]]
	*[[Criticism of Mormonism/Books/Mormonism 101/Chapter 10#Response to claim: 148 - The authors claim that the LDS version of the atonement frees up everyone from the effects of Adam's transgression\|Response to claim: 148 - The authors claim that the LDS version of the atonement frees up everyone from the effects of Adam's transgression]]
	~~{{parabreak}}~~

	==Response to claim: 139 - Mainstream Christians and Latter-day Christians "both accept the atonement of Christ"==		==Response to claim: 139 - Mainstream Christians and Latter-day Christians "both accept the atonement of Christ"==

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	{{Epigraph\|This is the gospel which I have given unto you—that I came into the world to do the will of my Father, because my Father sent me. And my Father sent me that I might be lifted up upon the cross. (3 Nephi 27:13–4)}}		{{Epigraph\|This is the gospel which I have given unto you—that I came into the world to do the will of my Father, because my Father sent me. And my Father sent me that I might be lifted up upon the cross. (3 Nephi 27:13–4)}}

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	The atonement is clearly defined as having encompassed both the Garden and the cross. The cross is not in the least devalued or neglected. Had there been no death on the cross, whatever it was that happened in the Garden would have been superfluous. With the cross, the events in the Garden have meaning and significance.		The atonement is clearly defined as having encompassed both the Garden and the cross. The cross is not in the least devalued or neglected. Had there been no death on the cross, whatever it was that happened in the Garden would have been superfluous. With the cross, the events in the Garden have meaning and significance.
	}}		}}
	*{{~~Detail~~\|Jesus Christ/Atonement/The garden and the cross}}		*{{Detail_old\|Jesus Christ/Atonement/The garden and the cross}}

	==Response to claim: 140-148 - One of the major themes of the LDS faith is that the atonement "took place primarily in the Garden"==		==Response to claim: 140-148 - One of the major themes of the LDS faith is that the atonement "took place primarily in the Garden"==
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	The authors write that the Garden of Gethsemane is only mentioned twice in the scriptures, apparently to suggest that anything mentioned so infrequently must not be of much value. They need to realize that the concept that "the Word was made flesh" is mentioned only once; would they therefore reject its significance also?<Ref>The argument is used by Nicholas Lossky, "Theology and Prayer. An Orthodox Perspective," ''Ecumenical Theology in Worship, Doctrine, and Life: Essays Presented to Geoffrey Wainwright on his Sixtieth Birthday'', edited by David S. Cunningham, Ralph Del Colle, and Lucas Lamadrid (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999), 24–32. On pages 28–29 Lossky uses the argument as a defense for deification against those who state that the singularity of {{b\|2\|Peter\|1\|4}} as a scriptural basis for deification is not acceptable.</ref> Is it insignificant that 'Calvary' occurs only at {{b\|\|Luke\|23\|33}}, and that there is absolutely no warrant for it in the Greek?<ref>'Calvary' is taken from the Latin version and passed into all English translations, until recently. See Alfred Plummer, ''The Gospel According to St. Luke, International Critical Commentary'' (New York: Scribner's, 1902), 530–531. Cf. {{BD\|article=Calvary\|page=629}}.</ref> It is also significant, as Leon Morris has written, "to find that, apart from the crucifixion narrative [in the Gospels]…Paul is the only New Testament writer to speak about 'the cross.'"<ref>Leon Morris, ''The Cross in the New Testament'' (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1999), 216–217. Leon Morris is referred to by McKeever and Johnson as a "Christian theologian" and is quoted frequently throughout Mormonism 101. Morris is an Australian Anglican.</ref> Furthermore, a recent addition to the literature about the cross in the New Testament points out that even in Paul it is not used frequently. His first two letters, the two to the Thessalonians, make no mention of the cross or the crucifixion. Nor do the last three letters make any reference to the cross (i.e., II Corinthians, Romans, and II Timothy).<ref>Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, "'Even Death On a Cross:' Crucifixion in the Pauline Letters," ''The Cross in Christian Tradition: from Paul to Bonaventure'', edited by Elizabeth A. Dreyer (Mahwah, New Jersey: Paulist Press, 2000), 21–50. Murphy-O'Connor, a Catholic, agrees with what Morris said: "If we leave aside the gospels, 'cross' and 'crucify' are Pauline terms." Page 23 includes a chart of Pauline uses in various letters. In fact he indicates that were it not for Paul, the Gospels probably would not have indicated the manner of Christ's death (page 22).</ref> Murphy-O'Connor refers to nine "fragments of traditional teaching" which appear in Paul's letters. These help to determine "the common doctrinal base that Paul shared with the rest of the early church… Not a single one of these formulae that he inherited from his Christian environment mentions the crucifixion." Our source goes on to indicate that only two of them "formally state that he died." Therefore, in the others it must be inferred by the fact that He was resurrected from the dead.<ref>Murphy, 24. Clearly, the emphasis in the early church was not on the death of Christ, but on His resurrection; not on the cross, but on the empty tomb. The nine passages are: {{b\|1\|Thessalonians\|1\|9–10}}; {{b\|\|Galatians\|1\|3–4}}; {{b\|1\|Corinthians\|15\|3–5}}; {{b\|\|Romans\|1\|3–4}}, {{bv\|\|Romans\|4\|24–25}}, {{bv\|\|Romans\|10\|9}}; also the eucharistic words in {{b\|1\|Corinthians\|11\|23–25}}, and two liturgical hymns: {{b\|\|Philemon\|2\|6–11}} and {{b\|\|Colossians\|1\|15–20}}. Indeed, with reference to {{b\|\|Philemon\|2\|6–11}}, a leading study refers to "the noticeable absence of those themes which we associate with Paul's Christology and soteriology, e.g., the doctrine of redemption through the Cross, the Resurrection of Christ and the place of the Church," [Ralph P. Martin, A Hymn of Christ. Philippians 2:5–11 in ''Recent Interpretation and in the Setting of Early Christian Worship'' (Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 1997), 49.] It will be observed that verse 8 reads "became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross." Martin continues the above quotation: "Although it is on the Cross that the Lord of glory brings His life of obedience to a climax, no redemptive significance is attached to that death ''in this verse''. Indeed, as was noted earlier, the Cross may not be mentioned in the original version of the hymn." Martin claims the reference is Pauline, that is, it was inserted by Paul into the original hymn, which did not include the reference to the Cross. Hans Urs von Balthasar agrees with this assessment: that the reference to the Cross was added by Paul to a pre-existing hymn. [Hans Urs von Balthasar, ''Mysterium Paschale'' (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 2000), 23.]</ref>		The authors write that the Garden of Gethsemane is only mentioned twice in the scriptures, apparently to suggest that anything mentioned so infrequently must not be of much value. They need to realize that the concept that "the Word was made flesh" is mentioned only once; would they therefore reject its significance also?<Ref>The argument is used by Nicholas Lossky, "Theology and Prayer. An Orthodox Perspective," ''Ecumenical Theology in Worship, Doctrine, and Life: Essays Presented to Geoffrey Wainwright on his Sixtieth Birthday'', edited by David S. Cunningham, Ralph Del Colle, and Lucas Lamadrid (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999), 24–32. On pages 28–29 Lossky uses the argument as a defense for deification against those who state that the singularity of {{b\|2\|Peter\|1\|4}} as a scriptural basis for deification is not acceptable.</ref> Is it insignificant that 'Calvary' occurs only at {{b\|\|Luke\|23\|33}}, and that there is absolutely no warrant for it in the Greek?<ref>'Calvary' is taken from the Latin version and passed into all English translations, until recently. See Alfred Plummer, ''The Gospel According to St. Luke, International Critical Commentary'' (New York: Scribner's, 1902), 530–531. Cf. {{BD\|article=Calvary\|page=629}}.</ref> It is also significant, as Leon Morris has written, "to find that, apart from the crucifixion narrative [in the Gospels]…Paul is the only New Testament writer to speak about 'the cross.'"<ref>Leon Morris, ''The Cross in the New Testament'' (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1999), 216–217. Leon Morris is referred to by McKeever and Johnson as a "Christian theologian" and is quoted frequently throughout Mormonism 101. Morris is an Australian Anglican.</ref> Furthermore, a recent addition to the literature about the cross in the New Testament points out that even in Paul it is not used frequently. His first two letters, the two to the Thessalonians, make no mention of the cross or the crucifixion. Nor do the last three letters make any reference to the cross (i.e., II Corinthians, Romans, and II Timothy).<ref>Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, "'Even Death On a Cross:' Crucifixion in the Pauline Letters," ''The Cross in Christian Tradition: from Paul to Bonaventure'', edited by Elizabeth A. Dreyer (Mahwah, New Jersey: Paulist Press, 2000), 21–50. Murphy-O'Connor, a Catholic, agrees with what Morris said: "If we leave aside the gospels, 'cross' and 'crucify' are Pauline terms." Page 23 includes a chart of Pauline uses in various letters. In fact he indicates that were it not for Paul, the Gospels probably would not have indicated the manner of Christ's death (page 22).</ref> Murphy-O'Connor refers to nine "fragments of traditional teaching" which appear in Paul's letters. These help to determine "the common doctrinal base that Paul shared with the rest of the early church… Not a single one of these formulae that he inherited from his Christian environment mentions the crucifixion." Our source goes on to indicate that only two of them "formally state that he died." Therefore, in the others it must be inferred by the fact that He was resurrected from the dead.<ref>Murphy, 24. Clearly, the emphasis in the early church was not on the death of Christ, but on His resurrection; not on the cross, but on the empty tomb. The nine passages are: {{b\|1\|Thessalonians\|1\|9–10}}; {{b\|\|Galatians\|1\|3–4}}; {{b\|1\|Corinthians\|15\|3–5}}; {{b\|\|Romans\|1\|3–4}}, {{bv\|\|Romans\|4\|24–25}}, {{bv\|\|Romans\|10\|9}}; also the eucharistic words in {{b\|1\|Corinthians\|11\|23–25}}, and two liturgical hymns: {{b\|\|Philemon\|2\|6–11}} and {{b\|\|Colossians\|1\|15–20}}. Indeed, with reference to {{b\|\|Philemon\|2\|6–11}}, a leading study refers to "the noticeable absence of those themes which we associate with Paul's Christology and soteriology, e.g., the doctrine of redemption through the Cross, the Resurrection of Christ and the place of the Church," [Ralph P. Martin, A Hymn of Christ. Philippians 2:5–11 in ''Recent Interpretation and in the Setting of Early Christian Worship'' (Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 1997), 49.] It will be observed that verse 8 reads "became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross." Martin continues the above quotation: "Although it is on the Cross that the Lord of glory brings His life of obedience to a climax, no redemptive significance is attached to that death ''in this verse''. Indeed, as was noted earlier, the Cross may not be mentioned in the original version of the hymn." Martin claims the reference is Pauline, that is, it was inserted by Paul into the original hymn, which did not include the reference to the Cross. Hans Urs von Balthasar agrees with this assessment: that the reference to the Cross was added by Paul to a pre-existing hymn. [Hans Urs von Balthasar, ''Mysterium Paschale'' (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 2000), 23.]</ref>
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	*{{~~Detail~~\|Jesus Christ/Atonement/The garden and the cross\|Jesus Christ/Atonement/The garden and the cross/Quotes}}		*{{Detail_old\|Jesus Christ/Atonement/The garden and the cross\|Jesus Christ/Atonement/The garden and the cross/Quotes}}

	==Response to claim: 141 - The authors quote Bruce R. McConkie: "it was in Gethsemane that 'he suffered the pain of all men...took upon himself the sins of all men..." ==		==Response to claim: 141 - The authors quote Bruce R. McConkie: "it was in Gethsemane that 'he suffered the pain of all men...took upon himself the sins of all men..." ==
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	* "as in Adam, or by nature, they fall, even so the blood of Christ atoneth for their sins… There shall be no other name given nor any other way nor means whereby salvation can come unto the children of men, only in and through the name of Christ… Salvation was, and is, and is to come, in and through the atoning blood of Christ." ({{s\|\|Mosiah\|3\|16–19}})		* "as in Adam, or by nature, they fall, even so the blood of Christ atoneth for their sins… There shall be no other name given nor any other way nor means whereby salvation can come unto the children of men, only in and through the name of Christ… Salvation was, and is, and is to come, in and through the atoning blood of Christ." ({{s\|\|Mosiah\|3\|16–19}})
	}}		}}
	*{{~~Detail~~\|Jesus Christ/Atonement/The garden and the cross}}		*{{Detail_old\|Jesus Christ/Atonement/The garden and the cross}}

	==Response to claim: 141 - The authors suggest that the apparent overemphasis on the shedding of blood in the Garden rather than on the cross "no doubt is but one of several reasons why crosses cannot be found on LDS buildings"==		==Response to claim: 141 - The authors suggest that the apparent overemphasis on the shedding of blood in the Garden rather than on the cross "no doubt is but one of several reasons why crosses cannot be found on LDS buildings"==
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	The authors are so determined to make Latter-day Saint writers look so 'un-Christian' that they quote those portions of LDS statements which contain the information they want their readers to know, but only that much. Such contextual selectivity is a form of bearing false witness. This quotation is meant by the authors to indicate that the LDS teaching on the atonement is that it took place "primarily in the garden." What they fail to do, however, is read further into the talk given by Elder Snow. He stated in the same talk that "when Jesus went through that terrible torture on the cross, He saw what would be accomplished by it; He saw that His brethren and sisters—the sons and daughters of God—would be gathered in, with but few exceptions—those who committed the unpardonable sin. That sacrifice of the divine Being was effectual to destroy the powers of Satan."<ref>{{Book:Stuy:CD/Short\|vol=3\|pages=364-365}}</ref> Clearly the cross was important in President Snow's soteriology.		The authors are so determined to make Latter-day Saint writers look so 'un-Christian' that they quote those portions of LDS statements which contain the information they want their readers to know, but only that much. Such contextual selectivity is a form of bearing false witness. This quotation is meant by the authors to indicate that the LDS teaching on the atonement is that it took place "primarily in the garden." What they fail to do, however, is read further into the talk given by Elder Snow. He stated in the same talk that "when Jesus went through that terrible torture on the cross, He saw what would be accomplished by it; He saw that His brethren and sisters—the sons and daughters of God—would be gathered in, with but few exceptions—those who committed the unpardonable sin. That sacrifice of the divine Being was effectual to destroy the powers of Satan."<ref>{{Book:Stuy:CD/Short\|vol=3\|pages=364-365}}</ref> Clearly the cross was important in President Snow's soteriology.
	}}		}}
	*{{~~Detail~~\|Jesus Christ/Atonement/The garden and the cross}}		*{{Detail_old\|Jesus Christ/Atonement/The garden and the cross}}

	==Response to claim: 145 - "Hebrews 9:22 states that there is no remission of sins without the shedding (not sweating) of blood"==		==Response to claim: 145 - "Hebrews 9:22 states that there is no remission of sins without the shedding (not sweating) of blood"==
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	{{misinformation\|There is more than sufficient material to demonstrate that the LDS position includes both the Garden and the cross.		{{misinformation\|There is more than sufficient material to demonstrate that the LDS position includes both the Garden and the cross.
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	*{{~~Detail~~\|Jesus Christ/Atonement\|Jesus Christ/Atonement/Portrayed in Latter-day Saint hymns}}		*{{Detail_old\|Jesus Christ/Atonement\|Jesus Christ/Atonement/Portrayed in Latter-day Saint hymns}}
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