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| + | #REDIRECT [[Question: Is the definition of a Christian martyr always understood only as one who does not fight back?]] |
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| − | ==Question==
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| − | Critics claim that Joseph Smith is not a martyr because, while in jail, he fought back against those attacked him. Have Christian martyrs always been understood as only those who do not fight back?
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| − | ===Source(s) of the Criticism===
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| − | * Jerald and Sandra Tanner, ''Utah Lighthouse Ministry'' (accessed 7 May 2003).
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| − | ==Response==
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| − | Throughout history, Christian martyrs have accepted their fate quietly, and have fought back and even killed their persecutors.
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| − | The classic Protestant work on martyrs is John Foxe, ''Fox's Book of Martyrs, Or A History of the Lives, Sufferings, and Triumphant Deaths of the Primitive Protestant Martyrs'' ((link|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/22400}}.
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| − | ''(Note: Foxe's work has considerable prejudice against Roman Catholicism, because this was the politically dominant faith for much of the period written. The use of these accounts is intended in no way to impugn the good-will and dedication to religious liberty held by modern Roman Catholics.)''
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| − | ===14th century===
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| − | "An account of the Persecutions of Calabria"...
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| − | These authorized persons came to St. Xist, one of the towns built by the Waldenses, and having assembled the people told them, that they should receive no injury or violence, if they would accept of preachers appointed by the pope;[108] but if they would not, they should be deprived both of their properties and lives; and that their intentions might be known, mass should be publicly said that
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| − | afternoon, at which they were ordered to attend.
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| − | The people of St. Xist, instead of attending mass, fled into the woods, with their families, and thus disappointed the cardinal and his coadjutors…
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| − | The cardinal having gained his point by deluding the people of one town, sent for troops of soldiers, with a view to murder those of the other. He, accordingly, despatched the soldiers into the woods, to hunt down the inhabitants of St. Xist like wild beasts, and gave them strict orders to spare neither age nor sex, but to kill all they came near. The troops entered the woods, and many fell a prey to their ferocity, before the Waldenses were properly apprised of their design. At length, however, they determined to sell their lives as dear as possible, when several conflicts happened, in which the half-armed Waldenses performed prodigies of valour, and many were slain on both sides. The greatest part of the troops being killed in the different rencontres, the rest were compelled to retreat, which so enraged the cardinal, that he wrote to the viceroy of Naples for reinforcements. [107–109, {{link1|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/22400/22400-h/22400-h.htm#Page_107}}]
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| − | "Account of the Persecutions in the Valleys of Piedmont"...
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| − | A great many more of the reformed were oppressed, or put to death, by various means, till the patience of the Waldenses being tired out, they flew to arms in their own defence, and formed themselves into regular bodies.
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| − | Exasperated at this, the bishop of Turin procured a number of troops and sent against them; but in most of the skirmishes and engagements the Waldenses were successful, which partly arose from their being better acquainted with the passes of the valleys of Piedmont than their adversaries, and partly from the desperation with which they fought; for they well knew, if they were taken, they should not be considered as prisoners of war, but tortured to death as heretics.
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| − | …
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| − | A party of the troops found a venerable man, upwards of a hundred years of age, together with his grand-daughter, a maiden, of about eighteen, in a cave. They butchered the poor old man in the most inhuman manner, and then attempted to ravish the girl, when she started away and fled from them; but they pursuing her, she threw herself from a precipice and perished.
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| − | The Waldenses, in order the more effectually to be able to repel force by force, entered into a league with the protestant powers of Germany…
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| − | [110–111 {{link1|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/22400/22400-h/22400-h.htm#Page_110}}]
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| − | ===17th century===
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| − | ==Endnotes==
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| − | #
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| − | ==Further reading==
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| − | | |
| − | ===FAIR wiki articles===
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| − | {{DefinitionFallaciesWiki}}
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| − | {{JosephSmithWiki}}
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| − | ===FAIR web site===
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| − | *{{tg|url=http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai241.html|topic=Martyrdom of Joseph and Hyrum Smith}}
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| − | *Lance Starr, "Was Joseph Smith a Martyr or a Murderer?," (Mesa, Arizona: FAIR, May 2003) {{pdflink|url=http://www.fairlds.org/apol/ai241.html}}
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| − | {{JosephSmithFAIR}}
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| − | | |
| − | ===External links===
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| − | * {{EoM|author=Joseph I. Bentley|article=Martyrdom of Joseph and Hyrum Smith|vol=2|start=860|end=862}}{{fairlink|url=http://ldsfaq.byu.edu/emmain.asp?number=113}}
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| − | *{{Ensign1|author=Reed Blake|article=Martyrdom at Carthage|date=June 1994|start=30}}{{link|url=http://library.lds.org/library/lpext.dll/ArchMagazines/Ensign/1994.htm/ensign%20june%201994.htm/martyrdom%20at%20carthage.htm?fn=document-frame.htm&f=templates&2.0}}
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| − | *{{1min|article=Was Joseph Smith Really a Martyr?|url=http://www.lightplanet.com/response/answers/martyr.htm}}
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| − | *W. John Walsh, "Was Joseph Smith a Martyr?" {{link|url=http://www.lightplanet.com/mormons/response/qa/martyr_joseph.htm}}
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| − | {{JosephSmithLinks}}
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| − | ===Printed material===
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| − | *{{CarthageConspiracy1|start=1}}{{NB}}
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| − | {{JosephSmithPrint}}
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