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| − | {{Resource Title| | + | {{Resource Title|Was Heber C. Kimball worried that the missionaries would take the best plural wives}} |
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It is claimed that nineteenth century Church leaders worried that missionaries would "take all the best" convert women as plural wives before they got to Salt Lake. | It is claimed that nineteenth century Church leaders worried that missionaries would "take all the best" convert women as plural wives before they got to Salt Lake. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The following quote is attributed to Heber C. Kimball in Stanley P. Hirshson's book ''The Lion of the Lord''. | ||
| + | <blockquote> | ||
| + | Brethren, I want you to understand that it is not to be as it has been heretofore. The brother missionaries have been in the habit of picking out the prettiest women for themselves before they get here, and bringing on the ugly ones for us; hereafter you have to bring them all here before taking any of them, and let us all have a fair shake. | ||
| + | </blockquote> | ||
{{CriticalSources}} | {{CriticalSources}} | ||
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== == | == == | ||
{{Response label}} | {{Response label}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==="do not make selections before they are brought home and put into the fold"=== | ||
Heber C. Kimball said, | Heber C. Kimball said, | ||
| − | + | <blockquote> | |
| + | Let truth and righteousness be your motto; and do not go into the world for anything else but to preach the Gospel, build up the kingdom of God, and gather the sheep into the fold. You are sent out as shepherds to gather the sheep together; and remember that they are not your sheep: they belong to Him that sends you. Then do not make a choice of any of those sheep; do not make selections before they are brought home and put into the fold. You understand that. Amen.{{ref|hck.6.256}} | ||
| + | </blockquote> | ||
Elsewhere, the Tanners [[The_Changing_World_of_Mormonism/Index/Chapter_9#225|quote]] Heber C. Kimball from the ''Deseret News'', though they attribute his remarks to Brigham Young. The Tanners do not, however, tell the reader about the ''very next sentence'' in Heber's speech, which calls their interpretation of his remarks above into question: | Elsewhere, the Tanners [[The_Changing_World_of_Mormonism/Index/Chapter_9#225|quote]] Heber C. Kimball from the ''Deseret News'', though they attribute his remarks to Brigham Young. The Tanners do not, however, tell the reader about the ''very next sentence'' in Heber's speech, which calls their interpretation of his remarks above into question: | ||
| − | + | <blockquote> | |
| + | I wish more of our young men would take to themselves wives of the daughters of Zion, and not wait for us old men to take them all; go-ahead upon the right principle, young gentlemen, and God bless you for ever and ever and make you fruitful, that we may fill the mountains and then the earth with righteous inhabitants. That is my prayer, and that is my blessing upon all the saints and upon your posterity after you, for ever: Amen."{{ref|hck.1}} | ||
| + | </blockquote> | ||
Clearly, Heber is here not worried about having missionaries "save" more wives for him. | Clearly, Heber is here not worried about having missionaries "save" more wives for him. | ||
| − | + | ==="The brother missionaries have been in the habit of picking out the prettiest women for themselves"=== | |
| + | |||
| + | The provenance of this alleged Kimball quote is less certain. The most commonly cited source for this quote is Stanley P. Hirshson, ''The Lion of the Lord,'' pp. 129-130: | ||
| + | <blockquote> | ||
| + | Brethren, I want you to understand that it is not to be as it has been heretofore. The brother missionaries have been in the habit of picking out the prettiest women for themselves before they get here, and bringing on the ugly ones for us; hereafter you have to bring them all here before taking any of them, and let us all have a fair shake.[65] | ||
| + | </blockquote> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Hirshson's endnote [65] references The New York ''Tribune'', May 15, 1860 and ''The New York Times'', April 17, 1860. Here's the relevant paragraph from the newspaper article: | ||
| + | <blockquote> | ||
| + | Some time ago HEBER KIMBALL was lecturing some missionaries who were preparing to start out on foreign missions, in the Tabernacle, and said to them: "Brethren, I want you to understand that it is not to be as it has been heretofore. The brother Missionaries have been in the habit of picking out the prettiest women for themselves before they get here, and bringing on the ugly ones for us; hereafter you have to bring them all here before taking any of them, and let us all have a fair shake." The old reprobate then had at least a score of women whom he called wives. ([http://www.nytimes.com/1860/04/17/news/utah-polygamy-its-fruits-missionaries-pony-express-more-pugnacious-preaching.html?scp=1&sq=Mormon&st=p FROM UTAH.; "Polygamy and its Fruits--The Missionaries--The Pony Express--More Pugnacious Preaching--Death of a Prominent Physician--The Season."], ''The New York Times'', May 15, 1860.) | ||
| + | </blockquote> | ||
| + | |||
| + | No indication is given regarding who heard Kimball state this. The byline on the article is simply "From Our Own Correspondents." The ''New York Times'' article is clearly antagonistic toward the Church. Here is a sampling of phrases from the same article: | ||
| + | <blockquote> | ||
| + | In all polygamic countries women are treated as though they were animals not to be trusted, and are watched with most jealous care. Utah is rather an aggravation than an exception to this general rule. | ||
| + | <br><br> | ||
| + | Caliph OMAR never kept a stricter watch over his youngest wife than BRIGHAM and his lecherous satellites do over their concubines. | ||
| + | <br><br> | ||
| + | We have a large army in Utah -- Does it not prevent the recurrence of such outrages? I answer, It does not; simply because it is chained down to a little military reservation of a few thousand acres, and is prohibited from operating outside of that; and outside of that BRIGHAM's power is absolute, and the degradation of the people as complete as it ever has been. | ||
| + | </blockquote> | ||
| + | |||
| + | Heber C. Kimball ''did'' make a somewhat similar reference upon one occasion, | ||
| + | <blockquote> | ||
| + | "Let truth and righteousness be your motto; and do not go into the world for anything else but to preach the Gospel, build up the kingdom of God, and gather the sheep into the fold. You are sent out as shepherds to gather the sheep together; and remember that they are not your sheep: they belong to Him that sends you. Then do not make a choice of any of those sheep; do not make selections before they are brought home and put into the fold. You understand that. Amen."{{ref|hck.6.256}} | ||
| + | </blockquote> | ||
| + | |||
| + | However, it should also be noted that Heber also said the following, ''in the very next sentence'': | ||
| + | <blockquote> | ||
| + | The principle of plurality of wives never will be done away. Some sisters have had revelations that when this time passes away and they go through the veil every woman will have a husband to herself. I wish more of our young men would take to themselves wives of the daughters of Zion and not wait for us old men to take them all; go-ahead upon the right principle young gentlemen and God bless you forever and ever and make you fruitful, that we may fill the mountains and then the earth with righteous inhabitants. {{ref|hck.1}} | ||
| + | </blockquote> | ||
| + | |||
| + | It seems, then, that his concern was in missionaries should be focused, during their missions, on bringing people to Christ and baptism. They were not to have other goals or priorities (including, but not limited to, marriage). | ||
| + | |||
| + | Yet, when they were home, Kimball encouraged younger men to enter plural marriage, and joked that he was tired of not having their support in this endeavor. The critics' reading, then, is questionable. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == == | ||
| + | {{Endnotes label}} | ||
| − | =={{ | + | *1. {{note|hck.6.256}} {{JDfairwiki|author=Heber C. Kimball|vol=6|start=256|disc=45}} |
| − | + | *2. {{note|hck.1}} "Remarks by Heber C. Kimball, directly after the sermon by President B. Young, printed in no. 34: Bowery, Oct. 6, 1855," ''Deseret News'' Vol. V, No. 35 (7 November 1855): 274 (2nd page of this number). {{link|url=http://udn.lib.utah.edu/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/deseretnews1&CISOPTR=2806&REC=18}} | |
| − | + | *3. {{note|hck.6.256}} {{JDfairwiki|author=Heber C. Kimball|vol=6|start=256|disc=45}} | |
| + | *4. {{note|hck.1}} "Remarks by Heber C. Kimball, directly after the sermon by President B. Young, printed in no. 34: Bowery, Oct. 6, 1855," ''Deseret News'' Vol. V, No. 35 (7 November 1855): 274 (2nd page of this number). {{link|url=http://udn.lib.utah.edu/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/deseretnews1&CISOPTR=2806&REC=18}} | ||
| + | </onlyinclude> | ||
| − | |||
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Was Heber C. Kimball worried that the missionaries would take the best plural wives
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Questions
It is claimed that nineteenth century Church leaders worried that missionaries would "take all the best" convert women as plural wives before they got to Salt Lake.
The following quote is attributed to Heber C. Kimball in Stanley P. Hirshson's book The Lion of the Lord.
Brethren, I want you to understand that it is not to be as it has been heretofore. The brother missionaries have been in the habit of picking out the prettiest women for themselves before they get here, and bringing on the ugly ones for us; hereafter you have to bring them all here before taking any of them, and let us all have a fair shake.
To see citations to the critical sources for these claims, click here
Answer
The quote used by the Tanners says nothing about choosing women. Heber C. Kimball warns the missionaries simply that they are on the Lord's errand, and should allow the Lord to choose his sheep. They are not to decide who is worthy of the gospel, they are merely to bring home those whom the Lord (as master shepherd) chooses.
Detailed Analysis
"do not make selections before they are brought home and put into the fold"
Heber C. Kimball said,
Let truth and righteousness be your motto; and do not go into the world for anything else but to preach the Gospel, build up the kingdom of God, and gather the sheep into the fold. You are sent out as shepherds to gather the sheep together; and remember that they are not your sheep: they belong to Him that sends you. Then do not make a choice of any of those sheep; do not make selections before they are brought home and put into the fold. You understand that. Amen.[1]
Elsewhere, the Tanners quote Heber C. Kimball from the Deseret News, though they attribute his remarks to Brigham Young. The Tanners do not, however, tell the reader about the very next sentence in Heber's speech, which calls their interpretation of his remarks above into question:
I wish more of our young men would take to themselves wives of the daughters of Zion, and not wait for us old men to take them all; go-ahead upon the right principle, young gentlemen, and God bless you for ever and ever and make you fruitful, that we may fill the mountains and then the earth with righteous inhabitants. That is my prayer, and that is my blessing upon all the saints and upon your posterity after you, for ever: Amen."[2]
Clearly, Heber is here not worried about having missionaries "save" more wives for him.
"The brother missionaries have been in the habit of picking out the prettiest women for themselves"
The provenance of this alleged Kimball quote is less certain. The most commonly cited source for this quote is Stanley P. Hirshson, The Lion of the Lord, pp. 129-130:
Brethren, I want you to understand that it is not to be as it has been heretofore. The brother missionaries have been in the habit of picking out the prettiest women for themselves before they get here, and bringing on the ugly ones for us; hereafter you have to bring them all here before taking any of them, and let us all have a fair shake.[65]
Hirshson's endnote [65] references The New York Tribune, May 15, 1860 and The New York Times, April 17, 1860. Here's the relevant paragraph from the newspaper article:
Some time ago HEBER KIMBALL was lecturing some missionaries who were preparing to start out on foreign missions, in the Tabernacle, and said to them: "Brethren, I want you to understand that it is not to be as it has been heretofore. The brother Missionaries have been in the habit of picking out the prettiest women for themselves before they get here, and bringing on the ugly ones for us; hereafter you have to bring them all here before taking any of them, and let us all have a fair shake." The old reprobate then had at least a score of women whom he called wives. (FROM UTAH.; "Polygamy and its Fruits--The Missionaries--The Pony Express--More Pugnacious Preaching--Death of a Prominent Physician--The Season.", The New York Times, May 15, 1860.)
No indication is given regarding who heard Kimball state this. The byline on the article is simply "From Our Own Correspondents." The New York Times article is clearly antagonistic toward the Church. Here is a sampling of phrases from the same article:
In all polygamic countries women are treated as though they were animals not to be trusted, and are watched with most jealous care. Utah is rather an aggravation than an exception to this general rule.
Caliph OMAR never kept a stricter watch over his youngest wife than BRIGHAM and his lecherous satellites do over their concubines.
We have a large army in Utah -- Does it not prevent the recurrence of such outrages? I answer, It does not; simply because it is chained down to a little military reservation of a few thousand acres, and is prohibited from operating outside of that; and outside of that BRIGHAM's power is absolute, and the degradation of the people as complete as it ever has been.
Heber C. Kimball did make a somewhat similar reference upon one occasion,
"Let truth and righteousness be your motto; and do not go into the world for anything else but to preach the Gospel, build up the kingdom of God, and gather the sheep into the fold. You are sent out as shepherds to gather the sheep together; and remember that they are not your sheep: they belong to Him that sends you. Then do not make a choice of any of those sheep; do not make selections before they are brought home and put into the fold. You understand that. Amen."[3]
However, it should also be noted that Heber also said the following, in the very next sentence:
The principle of plurality of wives never will be done away. Some sisters have had revelations that when this time passes away and they go through the veil every woman will have a husband to herself. I wish more of our young men would take to themselves wives of the daughters of Zion and not wait for us old men to take them all; go-ahead upon the right principle young gentlemen and God bless you forever and ever and make you fruitful, that we may fill the mountains and then the earth with righteous inhabitants. [4]
It seems, then, that his concern was in missionaries should be focused, during their missions, on bringing people to Christ and baptism. They were not to have other goals or priorities (including, but not limited to, marriage).
Yet, when they were home, Kimball encouraged younger men to enter plural marriage, and joked that he was tired of not having their support in this endeavor. The critics' reading, then, is questionable.
Notes
- 1. [note] Heber C. Kimball, Journal of Discourses 6:256.
- 2. [note] "Remarks by Heber C. Kimball, directly after the sermon by President B. Young, printed in no. 34: Bowery, Oct. 6, 1855," Deseret News Vol. V, No. 35 (7 November 1855): 274 (2nd page of this number). off-site
- 3. [note] Heber C. Kimball, Journal of Discourses 6:256.
- 4. [note] "Remarks by Heber C. Kimball, directly after the sermon by President B. Young, printed in no. 34: Bowery, Oct. 6, 1855," Deseret News Vol. V, No. 35 (7 November 1855): 274 (2nd page of this number). off-site