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The Book of Abraham
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FAQ: Frequently-asked questions Joseph Smith Papyri: brief long Missing papyri size "By his own hand"? Book of the Dead Kirtland Egyptian Papers The Book of Joseph Book of Abraham content: Why would Abraham lie? Astronomy in the Book of Abraham Sun borrows its light from Kolob? Star's or planet's rate of rotation Production: Influence of Thomas Dick?
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Facsimile 1: The "lion couch" scene

Criticism

Critics make the following claims regarding Facsimile 1:

• It is claimed that the missing portions of the drawing were incorrectly restored.
• It is claimed that Abraham has never been associated with the lion couch vignette such as that portrayed in Facsimile #1 of the Book of Abraham.

Response

Photograph of Facsimile 1 from the recovered Joseph Smith Papyri

Facsimile 1 from the Book of Abraham

The papyrus with the illustration represented in Facsimile 1 (view) is the only recovered item that has any connection to the text of the Book of Abraham.

This vignette is called a "lion couch scene" by Egyptologists. It usually represents the embalming of the deceased individual in preparation for burial. However, this particular lion couch scene represents the resurrection of Hor (figure 2), aided by the Egyptian god Anubis (3).^[1]

Abraham 1:12 and the notes to Facsimile 1 identify it as representing Abraham being sacrificed by the priest of Elkenah in Ur.

Hand versus wing

Papyrus displayed at the Louvre. Note the style in which the thumbs and fingers are drawn.

 ^{[needs work]}

How many birds?

Photograph of "lion couch" carving displayed at the Louvre in Paris. Note that there is only a single bird shown.

Association between Abraham and the lion couch scene

Photo appearing in John Gee, “Research and Perspectives: Abraham in Ancient Egyptian Texts,” Ensign, Jul 1992, 60 Caption "A lion couch scene appears in Leiden Papyrus I 384 (PGM xii). The outline marks Abraham’s name, written in Greek. (Courtesy of Rijksmuseum van Oudheden.)"

Critics claim that Abraham would never be associated with the Egyptian "lion couch" scene. Recently, however Abraham's name has indeed been discovered associated with one such "lion couch" scene. ^[2]

Endnotes

1. [note] Michael D. Rhodes, The Hor Book of Breathings: A Translation and Commentary (Provo, Utah: FARMS, 2002), 19 (18–23).
2. [note] John Gee, “Research and Perspectives: Abraham in Ancient Egyptian Texts,” Ensign, Jul 1992, 60